Comparing Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Blood Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Inadequately Controlled, Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes (Steno2tech Study)

Topics: CGM vs BGM, Type 2 Diabetes, Health & Wellbeing

Research Spotlight: “Comparing Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Blood Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Inadequately Controlled, Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes (Steno2tech Study)” Lind N, et al. Diabetes Care. 2024 May;47(5):1-9.

Background: Despite advancements in diabetes treatment, many individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) requiring insulin therapy struggle to achieve adequate glycemic control. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems offer a more comprehensive view of glucose levels compared to traditional blood glucose monitoring (BGM), potentially improving glycemic outcomes.

Key question: How does the long-term use of CGM compare to BGM in improving glycemic control and other health outcomes in adults with inadequately controlled, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes?

Main outcomes of the study:

Glycemic Control:
Time in Range (TIR): CGM group showed a significant increase in TIR by 15.2% (3 hours and 39 minutes) compared to the BGM group over 12 months.
HbA1c: The CGM group had a greater reduction in HbA1c by 0.9% compared to the BGM group.
Mean Sensor Glucose (SG): The CGM group had a significant reduction in mean SG by 1.47 mmol/L at 12 months.
Time Above Range (TAR): The CGM group had a significant reduction in TAR by 15.5% at 12 months.
Metabolic Outcomes: (Difference in changes between CGM and BGM groups at 12 months)
Total Daily Insulin Dose (TDD): The CGM group reduced their TDD by 10.6 units/day.
Body Weight: The CGM group experienced a weight reduction of 3.3 kg.
BMI: The CGM group had a reduction in BMI by 1.1 kg/m².
Participant-Reported Outcomes:
General Health and Well-being: Significant improvements in self-rated general health and well-being in the CGM group.
Diabetes-Related Distress: Reduction in diabetes-related distress in the CGM group.
Treatment Satisfaction: Higher treatment and glucose monitoring satisfaction in the CGM group.

Key takeaways for healthcare providers:

The use of CGM significantly improves glycemic control, reduces insulin dosage, and enhances overall health and well-being in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.
CGM provides a more comprehensive and continuous view of glucose levels, leading to better-informed treatment decisions and improved patient outcomes.
Incorporating CGM into diabetes management can empower patients to make informed lifestyle choices, potentially leading to sustained improvements in glycemic control and quality of life.

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Comparing Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Blood Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Inadequately Controlled, Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes (Steno2tech Study)

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